Person Page 4

Johann Hinrich Wilhelm Fennker was born on 2 Jan 1830 in No. 100, Brockum, Kingdom of HanoverG.^4,5,6
     He was baptized on 6 Jan 1830 in Evangelische Lutherische Kirche, Brockum, Kingdom of HanoverG, with Ernst Hinrich Kuhlmann, Johann Hinrich Kettler, and Johann Friedrich Allhorn from Drohne as godparents.¹
     Johann was confirmed in the Evangelische Lutherische Kirche, Brockum, Kingdom of HanoverG, in 1844, ranking first in his class.¹⁵

Immigrating to the United States --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     Johann arrived in BaltimoreG on 18 Dec 1853, on the sailing ship Adolphine, having departed Bremen 9 Oct 1853. According to family legend, he and his brother came as stowaways to escape military training in the German army. However, the passenger list shows him arriving alone, and in second class. Family stories say his brother was a dairyman and people used to call them the dairy Fenker and the baker Fenker.^16,17,18
      Johann Hinrich Wilhelm Fennker changed his name to William Fenker after immigrating to Cincinnati, and seems to have been known only by that name afterwards.^19,20,21 On 7 Oct 1854 he filed a declaration of intention to become a citizen of the United States with the Court of Common Pleas in Hamilton Co., Ohio.²²
     Johann married Louisa Lebeau, daughter of Jean Frédéric Lebeau and Johanna Christina Baum, on 11 Jan 1856 in Cincinnati, Hamilton Co., OhioG, with Rev. Charles Helwig, pastor of the Congress St. Methodist church, officiating.^7,8,9
     He was listed as a cigar maker on the passenger list when he immigrated, and as an overseer in the 1860 census.^23,24
     William and Louisa appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, enumerated 11 Jul 1860, reporting no real estate but personal estate of $175. Their children John and Frederick were listed as living with them, as was Margaret Hoffman, age 13, relationship, if any unknown.²⁵

Civil War Lore --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     William registered for the draft for the Civil War, appearing on the register dated Jun and Jul 1863, while living in Kenton Co., KentuckyG, reporting he was employed as a baker.²⁶
     A granddaughter, Evelyn Osgood Fenker, related that he was a baker for the Union Army, and that he carried slaves across the Ohio River in a false bottom of his bakery wagon, using the old central bridge. According to another granddaughter, Louise A. Fenker, he took the bread across the river from Covington to Cincinnati by ferry. A great-granddaughter, Emilou Fenker, quoted her father as saying that his grandparents lived in a town at the border between North and South. According to this version, when the Confederate Army was in town, he baked for them willingly, and when the Federal Army was in control he baked for them at the end of a gun. The part about baking for the Confederates at least is subject to doubt, as while Confederate forces did threaten the Cincinnati area in Sep 1862, they never reached Covington.^27,28

Joining His Step-Father-in-Law's Bakery --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     No actual record of William's occupation during the War has been found. We do know that by 1866 William had joined his wife's step-father, John M. Frey, in the bakery business. That year they were listed as Frey & Fenker, bakers and confectioners, at 2 Pike St.G.^29,30 The firm was listed again in 1868, listing that address and 642 Main St.G, the location of John's prior bakery. It appears that John retired from the business soon after that. The following year both locations are listed under William Fenker, and John's listings in the city directory never again included an occupation.^31,32,33
     William and Louisa and their family moved 642 Main St., G where her mother and step-father, John M. Frey, had been living above his bakery, by 1870.³⁴ William and Louisa appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, enumerated 20 Jun 1870, reporting real estate of $12,000 and personal estate of $2,500. Their children John, Frederick, Albert, Emma, and Henry were listed as living with them. They were listed in the same dwelling as her mother and step-father.³⁵ William appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, in the household of John M. Frey and Christina Baum.³⁶

Operating His Own Bakery --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     William continued to to operate both the Pike St. and Main St. shops under his name until about 1882. After that until his death only the Main St. address was listed.^37,38,39,40
     William and Louisa appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., Kentucky, at 642 Main St. G, enumerated 10 Jun 1880. Their children Frederick, Albert, Emma, Henry, and Theodore were listed as living with them, as were Louisa's mother, Christina Baum, a 15 year old servant, Mation Fryer, born in Kentucky of Prussian parents, and a Prussian boarder, John Hermany, who was a baker, perhaps at William's bakery.⁴¹
     William and Louisa moved to 1031 Russell St.G about 1884.⁴²
     According to family lore he died from his injuries after being hit in the side of his head with a bag of sand by a robber while on his way home from the bakery. No contemporary account has been found to confirm that story; no copies of Covington newspapers for the period survive. His obituary in a Cincinnati newspaper calls him "an old and highly respected citizen of Covington" but says only that he died suddenly. However his death record shows the cause of death as cerebral apoplexy which could be consistent with a blow to the head, but could also have meant what is now called stroke.^43,44,45
     William died on 7 Oct 1888 in 1031 Russell St., Covington, KentuckyG, at age 58.^10,11,12 He was buried on 10 Oct 1888 in Linden Grove Cemetery, Covington, KentuckyG, in his lot.^13,14

Johanna Louise Baum was born on 17 Jun 1836 in Offenbach, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by RhineG, of an un-married mother.^4,5,6
     She was baptized on 26 Jun 1836 in Evangelische Kirche, Offenbach, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by RhineG, with her mother's future husband's sister, Susanne Louise Lebeau, as godmother.¹
     On 30 Aug 1837 Jean Frédéric Lebeau, the future husband of her mother, declared in a statement to the head priest of her parish that he was not her father, but nevertheless wanted to accept the child as his child. On 21 Jun 1839, after he had married her mother, he confirmed the adoption by declaring that he represented himself as her father.¹
      As was the custom, she was know by her middle name, Louise. After her adoption she used her step-father's surname.^2,3,16

Immigrating to America --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     According to family lore, Louisa immigrated about 1849 to Cincinnati, OhioG, smuggled out of Germany by the Moravian church at age 13. It supposedly took 3 months to travel to the U.S., and during the journey they had nothing to eat but dry bread and cheese. Her granddaughter, Evelyn Fenker, told the story that although bread was baked fresh once a week on the ship that they ate the leftover moldy bread before they ate any fresh bread. According to the story, she walked through the Cumberland Gap to get to Cincinnati.¹⁷
     Louisa and her parents actually left Frankfurt am MainG at 6:00 a.m. on 29 May 1854, traveling by steamboat down the Main River to Mainz. The boat then went down the Rhine River, arriving at Cologne that evening.¹⁸
     The next morning they boarded a train, expecting to arrive in Bremen by evening. They changed trains in MindenG. They continued after a while but after traveling a short distance their train stopped because the preceding train had come off the rails and sunk into the earth. They were delayed for six hours at a tiny village called Hölzen.¹⁸ They finally arrived in BremenG at 2:00 a.m. the next morning. They stayed there for two nights at an inn.¹⁸
     At 2:00 p.m. on 2 Jun they left on a steamboat to the harbor, which is about 40 miles down the Weser River from the city of Bremen proper.¹⁸ They stayed overnight with Brother Riemenschneider. At 2:00 p.m. Saturday, 3 Jun 1854, they boarded the sailing ship Schiller. They traveled in the second class cabin, which they shared with 17 other passengers. There were eight passengers in the first class cabin, and 190 "between decks." The ship immediately went into the harbor, where they laid at anchor three days because of unfavorable winds.^19,18

Sailing Across the Atlantic --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     The winds remained unfavorable but the ship couldn't stay ashore longer. So on the morning of 7 Jun 1854 it weighed anchor and sailed to the North Sea. On the evening of 10 Jun they entered the English Channel.¹⁸ On 11 Jun, her 18th birthday, they reached the middle of the English Channel, having covered only 48 miles in eight days.¹⁸
     On 1 Jul, after sailing for 25 days, they had traveled under half way, 420 of the 1,000 miles to New York. They had had only had two hours of favorable wind and an almost constant headwind the entire month.¹⁸ On 6 Jul, a wind arose that carried them a good distance further, but the next morning, the sea was again as smooth as a mirror, so they hardly moved at all. Their own provisions were running low. Her adoptive father wrote that "these were sad prospects, as one can hardly survive on ship's fare alone."¹⁸
     On 5 Aug they had been under sail for nine weeks and still had 7 degrees (about 95 miles) to go. Her adoptive-father wrote that it "is miracle that we haven't gotten sick yet with the poor food; we are exhausted enough." The sea was smooth again like a mirror, but the sailors are cleaning the outside of the ship, a sign that they would soon be on land.¹⁸ On the 9th and 10th they finally had a favorable wind, a strong breeze. That was the only consistently favorable wind they had on the entire voyage. At 2:00 p.m. on the 10th they saw land. At 7:00 p.m. the ship was tied up in the harbor of New YorkG. They we had been under sail for 66 days and aboard a ship for 69 days.¹⁸

Arriving at New York and by Train to Cincinnati --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     A doctor came aboard the ship to check for disease (another ship was not allowed to land because smallpox had broken out). They couldn't disembark until a customs official checked for items that needed to be declared. They couldn't sleep because their straw sacks had been required to be emptied outside the harbor. She and her parents went ashore for a walk between 1 and 2 a.m., having to climb over a higher ship to do so. But they didn't venture far for fear of robbers.¹⁸
     Louisa and her parents officially disembarked from the Schiller the next morning, 11 Aug 1854, after customs were cleared.^18,20 They remained in New York for three days, staying at an inn.¹⁸
     At 6 p.m. on 14 Aug 1854 they boarded a steamboat for a four-hour journey up the Hudson river, probably to Newburgh, New YorkG. They departed by railroad at 11 p.m.²¹ They arrived in Dunkirk, New YorkG, on Lake Erie, at 6 a.m., and spent the day there, leaving at 6 p.m.¹⁸ They arrived in Erie, PennsylvaniaG, at 8 p.m., and tried to sleep in the rail car, waiting for their departure at 1 a.m. the next morning.¹⁸
     They arrived in Cleveland, OhioG, at 6 a.m., and had to stay there until 3 a.m. the next morning.¹⁸ They left for Columbus, OhioG, at 3 a.m., arriving at 9 p.m.¹⁸ They continued on after getting into good cars. Everyone fell asleep immediately. They arrived in CincinnatiG at 2 a.m. on 18 Aug 1854.¹⁸
     She soon moved to Huntingburgh, IndianaG, with her parents.²²
     Her adoptive father died on 17 Nov 1854, when Johanna was 18 years old.^23,24,25
     She and her mother moved to CincinnatiG after the death of her father.²²

Marrying and Raising a Family --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     Louisa married Johann Hinrich Wilhelm Fennker, son of Fredrich Hinrich Fenncker and Marie Margarethe Koop, on 11 Jan 1856 in Cincinnati, Hamilton Co., OhioG, with Rev. Charles Helwig, pastor of the Congress St. Methodist church, officiating.^7,8,9
     Louisa and William appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, enumerated 11 Jul 1860, reporting no real estate but personal estate of $175. Their children John and Frederick were listed as living with them, as was Margaret Hoffman, age 13, relationship, if any unknown.²⁶
     Louisa and William and their family moved 642 Main St., G where her mother and step-father, John M. Frey, had been living above his bakery, by 1870.²⁷ Louisa and William appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, enumerated 20 Jun 1870, reporting real estate of $12,000 and personal estate of $2,500. Their children John, Frederick, Albert, Emma, and Henry were listed as living with them. They were listed in the same dwelling as her mother and step-father.²⁸
     Louisa and William appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., Kentucky, at 642 Main St. G, enumerated 10 Jun 1880. Their children Frederick, Albert, Emma, Henry, and Theodore were listed as living with them, as were Louisa's mother, Christina Baum, a 15 year old servant, Mation Fryer, born in Kentucky of Prussian parents, and a Prussian boarder, John Hermany, who was a baker, perhaps at William's bakery.²⁹
     Louisa and William moved to 1031 Russell St.G about 1884.³⁰

Widowed --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     Her husband died on 7 Oct 1888 in 1031 Russell St., Covington, KentuckyG.^31,32,33
     Louisa moved to 1815 Scott St.G after the death of her husband, where she lived until at least 1895.^34,35
     Louisa and her sons Frederick, Albert, and Theodore, all moved to Michigan in the late 1890's. Louisa, her mother, and Theodore seemed to have moved together, following the older two. Frederick and his wife settled in Detroit, while the others all settled in Kalamazoo.
     Louisa appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo Co., Michigan, at 426 Woodward Ave. G, enumerated 2 Jun 1900. Her mother, Christina Baum, and youngest son, Theodore, were listed as living with her. She reported her occupation as landlord, apparently referring to her home on Scott St. and perhaps other property in Covington.³⁶
     Louisa returned to Cincinnati by 1904, when she was living at 930 W. 9th St. G About 1906 she moved back across the river to Covington, Kentucky.^37,38 She appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., Kentucky, enumerated 24 Apr 1910, having returned to 1815 Scott Street G.³⁹
     Louisa moved to the Bodman Widows Home, in the Mt. Auburn section of Cincinnati, G about 1916, after selling her home on Scott St.⁴⁰
     Louisa died on 4 Apr 1916 in Cincinnati, Hamilton Co., OhioG, at age 79.^10,11,12 She was buried on 7 Apr 1916 in Linden Grove Cemetery, Covington, KentuckyG, in her husband's lot.^13,14,15

Frederick John Fenker was born on 25 Dec 1858 in Covington, KentuckyG.^5,6,7
     He appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, in the household of his parents, William Fenker and Louisa Lebeau.¹³ He appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, in the household of his parents.¹⁴ He appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., Kentucky, G in the household of his parents.¹⁵
     He was evidently worked at his father's bakery when he was young, as his occupation was reported as baker on the 1880 census, when he was still living at home.¹⁶
     Frederick married Mary Ellen Marcum, daughter of John Marcum, about 1881.^8,9
     He was a mailing clerk at the Post Office by 1882. By 1888 he was working as a bookkeeper, and by 1892 he was a stock keeper.¹⁷
     Frederick, his brothers Albert and Theodore, and the wives of the older two, all moved to Michigan in the late 1890's, as did their mother. Theodore and his mother seemed to have moved together, following the older two. Frederick and his wife settled in Detroit, while the others all settled in Kalamazoo.
     Frederick and Mary appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Detroit, Wayne Co., Michigan, at 695 Hecla St. G, enumerated 7 Jun 1900, reporting they rented their home. Their children Grafton, Arthur, and Fred were listed as living with them.¹⁸
     He was a traveling salesman for Morgan, Puhl & Morris, society and military uniform manufacturers, by 1900, continuing there until about 1906, when he became a manager for Tunnel City Regalia Co., manufacturers of regalias and lodge supplies.^19,20
     Frederick and Mary moved to the Cleveland area by 1909. They appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Lakewood, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, at 1432 Wagar Ave. G, enumerated 3 Apr 1910. Their children Arthur and Fred were listed as living with them.²
     He was an agent, and by 1909 a manager, for M. C. Lilley Co., in ClevelandG, dealing in regalias. He remained with them until his death.^21,22,23
     Frederick died on 13 Nov 1916 in 1479 Woodward Ave., Lakewood, Cuyahoga Co., OhioG, at age 57, at his home.^10,11,12 He was buried on 16 Nov 1916 in Riverside CemeteryG.¹⁰

Albert August Fenker was born on 19 Sep 1862 in Covington, KentuckyG.^4,5,6
     He appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, in the household of his parents, William Fenker and Louisa Lebeau.¹⁵ He appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., Kentucky, G in the household of his parents.¹⁶
     He was working as a clerk by 1880 according to the city directory, working at 423 Central Ave., in Cincinnati, where Herman Nippert had his jewelry shop. He was reported in the 1880 census as apprenticed to a watchmaker. By 1884 he was listed as a watchmaker in the Covington city directory.^17,18,19,20
     Albert married Mary Grant Hillebrandt, daughter of William Hillebrandt and Caroline Jane Gibbs, on 28 Oct 1885 in 1031 Russell St., Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, the home of his parents.^7,8,9
     By 1888 he had his own shop as a watchmaker in Cincinnati. But two years later he was listed as a salesman at the same address.²¹
     Albert, his brothers Frederick and Theodore, and the wives of the older two, all moved to Michigan in the late 1890's, as did their mother. Theodore and his mother seemed to have moved together, following the older two. Frederick and his wife settled in Detroit, while the others all settled in Kalamazoo.
     Albert and Mary were living at 520 Lincoln Ave., Detroit by 1894. G He was a traveling salesman for Morgan, Puhl & Morris, dealers in Masonic paraphernalia.²²
     Albert and Mary moved to Kalamazoo by 1899, when they were living at 432 Stuart Ave. G He was a traveling salesman for Henderson Ames Co., a Kalamazoo dealer in Masonic paraphernalia.²³ They appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Oxford Twp, Oakland Co., Michigan, on Dennison St. G, enumerated 2 Jun 1900. Their children Ernst, William, Ruth, and Evelyn were listed as living with them.²⁴
     Albert and Mary returned to Detroit by 1903, when they were living at 972 Brooklyn Ave. G He was again working as a traveling salesman for Morgan, Puhl & Morris. By 1905 he had become a department manager for Detroit Regalia Co.^25,26
     Albert and Mary moved to Ohio by 1906, when they were living at 15 Auburn Ave., Columbus. G He was working as a clerk in 1906, and a traveling salesman by 1908, selling regalia. The 1917 city directory was the first to identify his employer, M. C. Lilley & Co., a Columbus regalia company, though it seems likely he was working for them from the time he moved there.^27,28,29
     Albert and Mary appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Columbus, Franklin Co., Ohio, at 15 Auburn Ave., enumerated 29 Apr 1910. Their children Ernst, William, Ruth, and Evelyn were listed as living with them.³⁰
     Albert and Mary moved to 1520 Bryden Rd.G by 1915.³¹ They appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Columbus, Franklin Co., Ohio, at 1520 Bryden Rd., enumerated 8 Jan 1920. Their daughter Evelyn was listed as living with them.³²
     Albert and Mary appeared on the 1930 Federal Census of Bexley, Franklin Co., Ohio, at 956 College Ave. G, enumerated 7 Apr 1930, reporting that they rented their, home for $36 per month, and owned a radio. Their daughter Evelyn and her husband, Edward Emerson Thompson, were listed separately but as living in the same house.³³
     He was a department manager for the Lilley Co. by 1932. According to family lore, he wrote catalogs for Masonic orders, and designed Masonic pins, and was a traveling salesman for Masonic items throughout the east. At some point he worked in New York, but his family remained in Ohio where he returned on weekends.^34,35,36
     Albert and Mary moved to 693 Vernon Rd., BixleyG, about 1932.^37,38
     Albert died on 27 May 1933 in 693 Vernon Rd., Bexley, Franklin Co., OhioG, at age 70, at his home.^10,11,12 He was buried on 29 May 1933 in Cemetery of Spring Grove, Cincinnati, Hamilton Co., OhioG, in the lot owned by the heirs of his father-in-law.^13,14

Henry C. Fenker was born on 17 Mar 1869 in Covington, KentuckyG.^4,5,6
     He appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, in the household of his parents, William Fenker and Louisa Lebeau.¹ He appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., Kentucky, G in the household of his parents.¹⁷
     His father died on 7 Oct 1888, when Henry was 19 years old.^18,19,20
     Henry married first Hattie M. Crane, daughter of George William Crane and Martha Jane Shade, on 11 Jun 1889 in Hamilton Co., OhioG, with Rev. Howard Henderson, Methodist Episcopal minister, officiating.^7,8
     He was listed as a painter in the 1900 census. His neice described him as an artist, so it is unclear whether the occupation of painter refers to him being a house painter or an artist.^21,22
     Henry and Hattie appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Xenia Twp., Greene Co., Ohio G, enumerated 12 Jun 1900, living on a farm.²
     Henry and Hattie opened a florist shop in Jamestown, OhioG, about 1907. They also operated a greenhouse.^23,24,25,26
     Henry and Hattie appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Silvercreek Twp., Greene Co., Ohio G, enumerated 30 Apr 1910.²⁷
     Henry and Hattie appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Jamestown, Greene Co., Ohio, at S. Jefferson Rd. G, enumerated 25 Jan 1920.²⁸
     His wife died on 24 Dec 1921 in Silvercreek, Greene Co., OhioG.^29,30
     Henry married second Myrtle F. Dodd, daughter of John P. Dodd and Mary Lucy Bartly, on 12 Jul 1922 in Greene Co., OhioG, with Rev. Bertha E. Day officiating.^9,10,11
     After their marriage, Myrtle joined Henry in operating his florist shop and the Fenker Greenhouse. It appears she retired before 1940, as she is not listed as involved in the 1940 census. That year he reported he had worked 60 hours the last week of March, and 52 weeks the prior year, earning $2,600.^31,32,33,34 When she sold the greenhouse property after his death it was described as 10,000 square feet under glass, 11 acres, and a six-room modern house.³⁵
     Henry and Myrtle appeared on the 1930 Federal Census of Silver Creek Twp., Greene Co., Ohio G, enumerated 9 May 1930.³⁶
     Henry and Myrtle appeared on the 1940 Federal Census of Silver Creek Twp., Greene Co., Ohio G, enumerated 11 Apr 1940, reporting they owned a home valued at $5,000, and that they had lived in the same house in 1935.³⁷
     Henry was a member of the Jamestown, Ohio Friends Meeting.^38,39
     Henry died on 10 Jan 1944 in Springfield, Clark Co., OhioG, at age 74, after a serious operation.^12,13,14 He was buried on 14 Jan 1944 in Jamestown Cemetery, Jamestown, Greene Co., OhioG, between his two wives.^15,16

Theodore Louis Fenker was born on 14 Oct 1871 in Covington, KentuckyG.^4,5,6
     He appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., Kentucky, G in the household of his parents, William Fenker and Louisa Lebeau.¹⁶
     His father died on 7 Oct 1888, when Theodore was 16 years old.^17,18,19
     He was a clerk in the car shops of the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railway by 1895.²⁰
     Theodore, his brothers Frederick and Albert, and the wives of the older two, all moved to Michigan in the late 1890's, as did their mother. Theodore and his mother seemed to have moved together, following the older two. Frederick and his wife settled in Detroit, while the others all settled in Kalamazoo.
      By 1899 Theodore was a clerk for The Henderson-Ames Co. in KalamazooG, manufacturers of "every style of uniform conceivable for the S. of V., G. A. R., railroads, letter carriers, fire dep'ts, police dep'ts, also for military organizations, colleges, and bands" according to their advertisement in the city directory. Others have described the company as a leading producer of uniforms and regalia.^21,22,23 Theodore appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo Co., Michigan, G in the household of his mother.²⁴
     Theodore married first Florence Ella Carpenter, daughter of William Riley Carpenter and Mary Jane Andrews, on 19 Jun 1901 in Kalamazoo, MichiganG, with Rev. J. B. Pinckard offciating.^7,8,9
     He was a traveling salesman for Henderson-Ames Co. by 1901, and a department manager for them by the next year, involved with sales.^{25,26,27,28,29}
     Theodore and Ella appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo Co., Michigan, at 237 Elm Place G, enumerated 23 Apr 1910, reporting they rented their home. Their son Edgar was listed as living with them, as was Mae Harring, a 28-year old widow who was listed as his sister-in-law.³⁰
     Theodore and Ella appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo Co., Michigan, at 417 Elm St. G, enumerated 5 Jan 1920. Their son Edgar was listed as living with them.³¹
      Ella filed for divorce from Theodore 6 Jan 1923, in Kalamazoo Co. Circuit Court, on the grounds severe cruelty. The divorce was granted 17 Mar 1923.¹⁰
     Theodore married second Helen Hicker, daughter of George Henry Hicker and Bird A. Oxenrider, on 22 May 1924 in Kalamazoo, MichiganG, with Rev. John W. Dunning officiating.^11,12
     Theodore and Helen appeared on the 1930 Federal Census of Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo Co., Michigan, at 809 West Walnut St. G, enumerated 7 Apr 1930, reporting that they owned a home worth $10,000 and did not have a radio. His son by his prior marriage, Edgar, was listed as living with them, as were her son by her prior marriage, Russell Keene Townsend, and her adopted daughter, Virginia Ruth Townsend.³²
     He was secretary of the Henderson-Ames Co. by 1930. The company suffered during the great depression, and in 1933 merged with Lilley Company of Columbus, Ohio, to form the Lilley-Ames Company. Operations were soon after moved to Ohio. Theodore seems to have had no part in the new company. He had no occupation listed in city directories after 1933.^33,34,35 By 1940 Theodore was not working, and not seeking work. Helen was doing laundry in her home.³⁶
     Theodore and Helen appeared on the 1940 Federal Census of Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo Co., Michigan, at 809 W Walnut G, enumerated 17 Apr 1940, reporting they owned a home valued at $4,000. Her father was listed as living with them, and they all reported they had lived in the same house in 1935. There was also a lodger listed in the household, Lamita E. Grable.³⁷
     Theodore died on 16 Jun 1951 in Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo Co., MichiganG, at age 79.^13,14 He was buried in Riverside Cemetery, Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo Co., MichiganG.¹⁵

Jean Frédéric Lebeau was born about 1815, before his parents married. Such "premature" births were not uncommon at the time. He was later reported to have been "of Friedrichdorf," but most likely he was born in Homburg, now known as Bad HomburgG, his mother's home village. His birth was not recorded in Fredrichdorf, and records from Homburg are not available.^4,5
     Jean settled in FriedrichsdorfG with his parents after their marriage in 1816.
     On 30 Aug 1837 Jean declared in a statement to the head priest of her parish that he was not father of Johanna Louise Baum, the daughter of his future wife, but nevertheless wanted to accept the child as his child. On 21 Jun 1839, after he had married her mother, he confirmed the adoption by declaring that he represented himself as her father.¹⁴
     He joined the French Reformed Church in Offenbach on 6 Jul 1839.¹⁴
     Jean married Johanna Christina Baum, daughter of Johann Heinrich Nicolaus Baum and Anna Margaretha Schreid, on 14 Jul 1839 in French Reformed Church, Offenbach, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by RhineG.^6,7,8
     Jean and Christina settled in Offenbach, where they joined the Moravian Church.¹⁵
     In the German-speaking community in Offenbach, and after emigrating to the America, he used the German spelling of his given name, John Frederick.^2,3

Influanced by Engelhard Riemenschneide --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     Engelhard Riemenschneide was born 1815 in the Electorate of Hanover, and immigrated to the America in 1835.¹⁶ He became a preacher in the German Methodist Church, initially as a circuit rider. In 1845 he become the fourth pastor of the Race St. Church, Cincinnati, OhioG, the mother church of German Methodism. The church, a Methodist Episcopal Church, had been founded by William Nast to serve the German-speaking community.¹⁷
     In 1851 Riemenschneider was sent back to his native German states as a missionary. He mainly spoke in private homes, and constantly faced the objections of local officials, and was even arrested. He began his work in Frankfurt am MainG, preaching there and in nearby towns, including Oberrod. John attended his meetings in both places.¹⁸
     John requested that Rev. Riemenschneider conduct classes in Offenbach, and he and Christina invited him to speak in their home. He accepted and preached there weekly for a time, to mixed audiences of Christians, Jews, and unbelievers. They both joined the Methodist Episcopal Church.^19,20

Immigrating to America --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     John was issued an Exhorter's license by Rev. Dr. Louis Nippert, who succeeded Rev. Riemenschneider. An exhorter was what is now known as a lay speaker, authorized to hold meetings for prayer and exhortation under the direction of the preacher in charge. John frequently conducted the services during Dr. Nippert's absence.²¹
     John felt called to the ministry, but found the persecutions and restrictions he was experiencing so severe that he and Christina sold their home, and in 1854 immigrated to America.^22,23,24 They left Frankfurt am MainG with their daughter Louisa at 6:00 a.m. on 29 May 1854, traveling by steamboat down the Main River to Mainz, where a large number of other emigrants boarded with their crates. The boat then went down the Rhine River, arriving at Cologne that evening. They stayed at the Four Season Inn there.²⁵
     The next morning they boarded a train, expecting to arrive in Bremen by evening. They changed trains in MindenG, where police officers required everyone to show their passports, giving some emigrants palpitations. They continued after a while but after traveling a short distance their train stopped because the preceding train had come off the rails and sunk into the earth. They were delayed for six hours at a tiny village called Hölzen.²⁵ They finally arrived in BremenG at 2:00 a.m. the next morning, where they met the innkeeper Brügesch, who had them and their crates taken to his inn. They stayed there for two nights.²⁵
     While in Bremen they bought supplies they would need for the voyage. Based on recommendations he sent home for others, it would seem they included tin dishes, straw sacks (for bedding), woolen blankets, wine (red Bordeaux), ham, squash, coffee, sugar, lemons, and even Zwieback (milk bread that's cut up and toasted again). He wrote to not forget to buy some treats, such as figs, "which keep your stomach open, because one suffers severely from constipation." But he wrote that bread should be toasted at home, cutting 1-inch-thick pieces around the loaf. It can be mixed with a little butter and add some caraway seeds, so with boiling water soup can be made. He added that bouillon tablets are also good, and that well-baked bread can last for 2-3 weeks on the ship and it is a good idea to take some with you because North German bread is almost like pumpernickel.²⁵
     At 2:00 p.m. on 2 Jun they left on a steamboat to the harbor, which is about 40 miles down the Weser River from the city of Bremen proper. Their crates had been sent ahead by barge. Some emigrants took the barges themselves, but that took two days, compared to five hours on the steamboat.²⁵
     They stayed overnight with Brother Riemenschneider. At 2:00 p.m. Saturday, 3 Jun 1854, they boarded the sailing ship Schiller. They traveled in the second class cabin, which they shared with 17 other passengers. There were eight passengers in the first class cabin, and 190 "between decks." The ship immediately went into the harbor, where they laid at anchor three days because of unfavorable winds. They could see the harbor, where their friends were celebrating Easter holidays.^26,25
     The ship had three masts, displacing 160 tons, which was fairly small for an emigrant ship. It was about 150 feet long and 30 wide, and the center mast was 150 feet high from the keel to the top. The first cabin was 14-15 feet wide, 21-22 feet long, had 10 beds, and had a small dining room in the middle. The second cabin was the same size but had bunks two high, 16 single-berth and two double-berth, of which he and his wife had one, which was three feet wide. Both cabins were located high on the deck and were often been swept by the waves. Between decks, or steerage, was 100 feet long and ran the width of the ship, with bunks a foot and a half wide, two high, and no windows. There were three lifeboats on the ship, each capable of carrying 70-100 people. The ship's crew consisted of 20 people: a captain, two helmsmen, a cook, a carpenter, 12 sailors, a waiter and two errand boys.²⁵

Sailing Across the Atlantic --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     The winds remained unfavorable but the ship couldn't stay ashore longer. So on the morning of 7 Jun 1854 it weighed anchor and sailed to the North Sea. On the evening of 10 Jun they entered the English Channel. There they met English fishermen from Heligoland who were trading fish for salted beef. The fish they had were called sea tongues. They were very flat, silvery on one side and like fresh liver on the other. They only live on the bottom and were caught with a tree branch that had leaves. He wrote that they are fried and taste very good.²⁵
     On 11 Jun they could see the coasts of both France and England. They passed Calais, and in the evening saw DoverG. But they were set back overnight by strong headwinds, and the next evening back at Dover again.²⁵ On 17 Jun, the 18th birthday of their daughter Louisa, they reached the middle of the English Channel, having covered only 48 miles in eight days.²⁵ On the 19 Jun they passed the Isle of Wight. It was very stormy and many waves crashed onto the deck. It was very cold in the Channel and also the North Sea and snow was falling. On the morning of 22 Jun they emerged from the Channel into the Atlantic Ocean, having spent 11 days and 12 nights in the Channel.²⁵
     On 1 Jul, after sailing for 25 days, they had traveled under half way, 420 of the 1,000 miles to New York. They had had only had two hours of favorable wind and an almost constant headwind the entire month. So they had to tack constantly, making little progress. They saw a variety of birds and sea life, most frequently hogfish, which appeared in large groups and made arching leaps above the water. The sailors caught two of them, which were about six feet long and weighed 100 to 125 pounds. He wroote that "its meat tastes very good, the inch-thick blubber is torn off, the lean part is soaked and fried; tongue and liver were the best."²⁵
     On 6 Jul, a wind arose that carried them a good distance further, but the next morning, the sea was again as smooth as a mirror, so they hardly moved at all. Their own provisions were running low. He wrote that "these were sad prospects, as one can hardly survive on ship's fare alone."²⁵
     On 10 Jul, with the winds still calm, they were about 40 miles north of AzoresG. They had not encountered other ships for some time, but that day saw 20, taking on fresh water there. The calm continued until the 13th through the 15th when they had a fairly strong wind, which came from the northwest. It was only a quarter wind for them, but it carried them quite a bit further. From the 16th to 19th there was calm again. On the 20th and 21st there was a very strong wind, almost a gale, with waves 15 feet high. On the 22nd there was calm again. After seven weeks on board there were still 30 degrees to go (from Bremen to New York it is 84 degrees). He wrote that they were finding this a sad, boring journey.²⁵
     On the evening of 29 Jul they reached the "Gulf of Florida" (now called the Gulf Stream), which together with a strong wind allowed them to reach 60 degrees west longitude.²⁵ The following night they again had very strong winds, with rain and complete darkness. They seemed to be almost buried in the waves. A large ship was heading towards them but the watchman didn't notice it until it was just 100 to 150 feet away. Fortunately, the strange ship had burning pitch torches on the boatsprit. An alarm was quickly made and the two ships passed each other safely.²⁵
     On 5 Aug they had been under sail for nine weeks and still had 7 degrees (about 95 miles) to go. John wrote that it "is miracle that we haven't gotten sick yet with the poor food; we are exhausted enough." The sea was smooth again like a mirror, but the sailors are cleaning the outside of the ship, a sign that they would soon be on land. The water was turning green again, like in the North Sea.²⁵ On the 9th and 10th they finally had a favorable wind, a strong breeze. That was the only consistently favorable wind they had on the entire voyage. At 2:00 p.m. on the 10th they saw land. At 7:00 p.m. the ship was tied up in the harbor of New YorkG. They we had been under sail for 66 days and aboard a ship for 69 days.²⁵

Describing Conditions on the Voyage --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     John described conditions during the voyage in a letter home. He wrote that in Bremerhaven, in the North Sea, and in the Channel, it was bitterly cold. On the ocean, on the other hand, it was often oppressive, especially when there was no wind. Even at night in the bunks, it was sometimes unbearable; but from August 4th to 10th it was bitterly cold again as they came near America. In any case he wrote, it was a good idea to equip yourself with warm clothes because it's very easy to catch colds, and illnesses on the ship are very serious because there is no doctor. The captain, even if he has medicine, can't make proper use of it because he doesn't know much about it. Seasickness, he wrote, was not dangerous but very troublesome, which can be said of the entire sea voyage. Everyone got seasickness. Dizziness, headache, loss of appetite, and nausea were the main symptoms, along with great fatigue in the limbs. It is a feeling as if someone has overindulged in the worst drink and as a result has a pretty bad hangover. On top of that, their cabin was like a pub, with terrible tobacco smoke and rum drinking, which together caused a disgusting stench.
     Added to that was the bad food. The bread was as black as the earth, wet and sour. In the morning there was very bad, thin coffee, black without sugar, and in the evening tea, also without sugar. But no one could drink that because it tasted almost like ship's tar. Therefore, they only had hot water brought to them and added bread to the soup or other tea, if they had any. Sunday lunch was rice. Monday was peas and salted bacon, which they didn't want to eat either. Tuesday was hulled barley with salted beef. Wednesday was beans with the same meat. Thursday was rice and salted beef, which stank and was as hard as bones, spoiling the soup so much that we often had to throw it away along with the meat. Friday was sauerkraut soup with bacon. Saturday was hulled barley with plums and syrup, none of which we could eat because there was so much dirt in it. Once the fresh bread was gone, the hardship really began. The ship's biscuits were as hard as stone and tasted almost like earth. The grain wasn't just crushed, but wheat bran was also added. They couldn't eat them. There was also white bread, made from white flour and water without salt, which were finger-thick and round, about five inches across. When baked, they are good and tasted like matzo. Often, however, they are still made from raw flour.
     He described arrival at land as making a strange impression when you haven't seen land for so many weeks: "in the far distance, which you saw as far as 4 to 6 miles away, a dark spot in the sky becomes visible, and you can't yet tell whether it's a cloud or something else. This spot gradually develops and becomes more visible, finally beginning to take on a tinge of light and dark, then green becomes visible, and finally houses become visible and fields distinguishable, and finally even carriages, horses, and people can be seen. Then your heart begins to leap, especially when it's America, the land of golden dreams. Off the coast of New York lies an island that looks very picturesque. Many beautiful summer houses with magnificent gardens between them, lighthouses, telegraphs, fortifications, the unusual architecture, steamships. Everything, everything completely different from back home in the German fatherland, everything differently arranged. Finally, the harbor is visible with its thousands upon thousands of masts and gigantic ships; it looks like a large city on the water.
     New York comes into view, with its many church towers and domes and miles of checkerboard-like streets through which many railways run, and hundreds of carriages in one street, where you can ride for hours for 5-6 cent. Added to that, there are shop after shop, so that you don't know where all the customers are coming from. A terrible hustle and bustle of people and wagons. People from all corners of the world: Black, yellow, white, and even the Chinese are not missing. One is quite struck by all of them. Customs and traditions are also quite different. The houses are built in the oriental style, without roofs. But you open your eyes the most when you have something to pay, because "here they demand a dollar with even greater ease than a guilder, and the dearly acquired German money slips through your fingers like melting butter."
     In summary, he wrote, the poor emigrants were treated like livestock, and even worse. Everyone they came into contact with seeks to further their own interests and, if possible, to cheat and defraud them. A sea voyage or emigration was associated with many discomforts, inconveniences, and unpleasantnesses. Beyond that, there was no danger involved. The people were as calm and safe on their ship as they were at home. No one has died on their ship. No misfortune happened at all. As for the danger, he wrote, it was greatly exaggerated but on the other hand the unpleasantness was often underestimated. "There is no way to describe it; it must be felt and experienced."²⁵

Arriving at New York and by Train to Cincinnati --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     A doctor came aboard the ship to check for disease (another ship was not allowed to land because smallpox had broken out). They couldn't disembark until a customs official checked for items that needed to be declared. They couldn't sleep because their straw sacks had been required to be emptied outside the harbor. He went ashore that evening and drank a glass of beer and bought fresh bread for the family. They and Louisa went ashore for a walk between 1 and 2 a.m., having to climb over a higher ship to do so. But they didn't venture far for fear of robbers.²⁵
     John and Christina, and their daughter Louisa officially disembarked from the Schiller the next morning, 11 Aug 1854, after customs were cleared. He wrote that they didn't check very carefully, and it was more just for show, but customs and police officers had kept watch on the ship overnight. They declared that they had originated in Hesse-Darmstadt and their destination was Ohio.^25,27
     He went immediately to find his brother, who was working in New York, who he found after four hours.²⁵ They remained in New York for three days, staying at an inn.²⁵ His brother took off work and showed them "everywhere," including the new Crystal Palace, which had been constructed the year before for the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations. On Sunday, 13 May, John held a missionary hour with Missionary Floken, which raised $30.75. There were fewer than 30 people present, though. He told them about the German mission.^25,28
     At 6 p.m. on 14 Aug 1854 they boarded a steamboat for a four-hour journey up the Hudson river, probably to Newburgh, New YorkG. They departed by railroad at 11 p.m.²⁹ They arrived in Dunkirk, New YorkG, on Lake Erie, at 6 a.m., and spent the day there, leaving at 6 p.m.²⁵ They arrived in Erie, PennsylvaniaG, at 8 p.m., and tried to sleep in the rail car, waiting for their departure at 1 a.m. the next morning.²⁵
     They arrived in Cleveland, OhioG, at 6 a.m., and had to stay there until 3 a.m. the next morning They didn't leave the station, however, because cholera was raging in the city, which was the case throughout America that year, especially in the big cities.²⁵ They left for Columbus, OhioG, at 3 a.m., arriving at 9 p.m. Between Cleveland and Columbus they had such dust and smoke in the car was so strong that one almost suffocated. But they couldn't close the windows either, because the "heat would have killed us."²⁵ They continued on after getting into good cars that were padded, and no dust got in. Everyone fell asleep immediately. They arrived in CincinnatiG at 2 a.m. on 18 Aug 1854. There they were met by Brother Messerschmid, who had been converted eight days earlier at the camp meeting. They went home with the Messerschmidts.²⁵
     After his arrival John wrote a 12-page letter to his parents, siblings, relatives, and friends, describing their journey in great detail, and providing advice and prices for transportation, accomodations along the way, and supplies to bring to those who might follow.²⁵

Becoming a Minister --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

      Dr. Nast, founder of the German Methodist Church in Cincinnati, encouraged him to enter the Conference as a travelling minister.¹⁵
      John accepted a post in Huntingburgh, IndianaG, and they moved there.¹⁵ He was received on trial into the South Eastern Indiana Conference and stationed in the South Indiana German District. He was appointed to the Huntingburgh, IndianaG, circuit, supposedly the first circuit riding German Methodist in that district, but survived only a few months.^30,31,32
     His granddaughter Louise A. Fenker said he was an artist or designer, and that she had a folio of his work in her cedar chest.¹²
     John died on 17 Nov 1854 in Frankfort, IndianaG, at age ~39.^9,10,11 He was buried in Frankfort, IndianaG.^12,13

Johanna Christina Baum was born on 31 Aug 1820 in Offenbach, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by RhineG.^4,5,6,7
     She was baptized on 10 Sep 1820 in Evangelische Kirche, Offenbach, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by RhineG, with Johanna Christina, widow of deceased master tailor Hammel, as godmother.¹
     As was the custom, she used her middle name, Christina, or Christine, except for the most formal legal documents.^20,21
     Johanna married first Jean Frédéric Lebeau, son of Pierre Isaac Lebeau and Christiane Elisabethe Margerthe Stehter, on 14 Jul 1839 in French Reformed Church, Offenbach, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by RhineG.^8,9,10
     Christina and Jean settled in OffenbachG where they joined the Moravian Church.²²
     According to family lore, she was a seamstress in OffenbachG.²³
     After hearing Rev. Riemenschneider speak elsewhere, John requested that he conduct classes in Offenbach, and he and Christina invited him to speak in their home. He accepted and preached there weekly for a time. They both joined the Methodist Episcopal Church.^24,25

Immigrating to America --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     John felt called to the ministry, but found the persecutions and restrictions he was experiencing so severe that she and John sold their home, and in 1854 immigrated to America.^26,27,28 They left Frankfurt am MainG with their daughter Louisa at 6:00 a.m. on 29 May 1854, traveling by steamboat down the Main River to Mainz. The boat then went down the Rhine River, arriving at Cologne that evening.²⁹
     The next morning they boarded a train, expecting to arrive in Bremen by evening. They changed trains in MindenG. They continued after a while but after traveling a short distance their train stopped because the preceding train had come off the rails and sunk into the earth. They were delayed for six hours at a tiny village called Hölzen.²⁹ They finally arrived in BremenG at 2:00 a.m. the next morning. They stayed there for two nights at an inn.²⁹
     At 2:00 p.m. on 2 Jun they left on a steamboat to the harbor, which is about 40 miles down the Weser River from the city of Bremen proper.²⁹ They stayed overnight with Brother Riemenschneider. At 2:00 p.m. Saturday, 3 Jun 1854, they boarded the sailing ship Schiller. They traveled in the second class cabin, which they shared with 17 other passengers. There were eight passengers in the first class cabin, and 190 "between decks." The ship immediately went into the harbor, where they laid at anchor three days because of unfavorable winds.^30,29

Sailing Across the Atlantic --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     The winds remained unfavorable but the ship couldn't stay ashore longer. So on the morning of 7 Jun 1854 it weighed anchor and sailed to the North Sea. On the evening of 10 Jun they entered the English Channel.²⁹
     On 11 Jun they could see the coasts of both France and England. They passed Calais, and in the evening saw DoverG. But they were set back overnight by strong headwinds, and the next evening back at Dover again.²⁹ On 17 Jun, the 18th birthday of their daughter Louisa, they reached the middle of the English Channel, having covered only 48 miles in eight days.²⁹
     On 1 Jul, after sailing for 25 days, they had traveled under half way, 420 of the 1,000 miles to New York. They had had only had two hours of favorable wind and an almost constant headwind the entire month.²⁹ On 6 Jul, a wind arose that carried them a good distance further, but the next morning, the sea was again as smooth as a mirror, so they hardly moved at all. Their own provisions were running low. John wrote that "these were sad prospects, as one can hardly survive on ship's fare alone."²⁹
     On 10 Jul, with the winds still calm, they were about 40 miles north of AzoresG. The calm continued until the 13th through the 15th when they had a fairly strong wind, which came from the northwest. On the 20th and 21st there was a very strong wind, almost a gale, with waves 15 feet high. On the 22nd there was calm again. After seven weeks on board there were still 30 degrees to go (from Bremen to New York it is 84 degrees.)²⁹
     On 5 Aug they had been under sail for nine weeks and still had 7 degrees (about 95 miles) to go.²⁹ On the 9th and 10th they finally had a favorable wind, a strong breeze. That was the only consistently favorable wind they had on the entire voyage. At 2:00 p.m. on the 10th they saw land. At 7:00 p.m. the ship was tied up in the harbor of New YorkG. They we had been under sail for 66 days and aboard a ship for 69 days.²⁹

Arriving at New York and by Train to Cincinnati --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     A doctor came aboard the ship to check for disease (another ship was not allowed to land because smallpox had broken out). They couldn't disembark until a customs official checked for items that needed to be declared. They couldn't sleep because their straw sacks had been required to be emptied outside the harbor. They and Louisa went ashore for a walk between 1 and 2 a.m., having to climb over a higher ship to do so. But they didn't venture far for fear of robbers.²⁹
     Christina and John, and their daughter Louisa officially disembarked from the Schiller the next morning, 11 Aug 1854, after customs were cleared. They declared that they had originated in Hesse-Darmstadt and their destination was Ohio.^29,31 They remained in New York for three days, staying at an inn.²⁹
     At 6 p.m. on 14 Aug 1854 they boarded a steamboat for a four-hour journey up the Hudson river, probably to Newburgh, New YorkG. They departed by railroad at 11 p.m.³² They arrived in Dunkirk, New YorkG, on Lake Erie, at 6 a.m., and spent the day there, leaving at 6 p.m.²⁹ They arrived in Erie, PennsylvaniaG, at 8 p.m., and tried to sleep in the rail car, waiting for their departure at 1 a.m. the next morning.²⁹
     They arrived in Cleveland, OhioG, at 6 a.m., and had to stay there until 3 a.m. the next morning.²⁹ They left for Columbus, OhioG, at 3 a.m., arriving at 9 p.m.²⁹ They continued on after getting into good cars. Everyone fell asleep immediately. They arrived in CincinnatiG at 2 a.m. on 18 Aug 1854.²⁹
      Dr. Nast, founder of the German Methodist Church in Cincinnati, encouraged him to enter the Conference as a travelling minister.²²
      John accepted a post in Huntingburgh, IndianaG, and they moved there, but he survived only a few months.²² He died on 17 Nov 1854 in Frankfort, IndianaG.^33,34,35
      After the death of her husband, Christina and her daughter returned to CincinnatiG.²²

A Second Marriage --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     Christina married second John M. Frey, son of Michael Frey and Anna Katharina Trautwein, on 7 Jan 1856 in Cincinnati, Hamilton Co., OhioG, with Rev. Conrad Gahn, pastor of the Buckeye St. Church, officiating.^11,12,13
     Christina and John appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, enumerated 25 Jun 1860, reporting $1,500 in real estate and $500 in personal property. His daughter by his previous marriage, Emma, was listed as living with them, as were Rodolph Walker, a 21-year-old baker, and George Hatgen, a 16-year-old baker apprentice.³⁶
     By 1861 Christina and John were living at 642 Main St., G above his bakery. They continued to live there until his death, and she did for a time after that.^37,38 Her daughter Louisa and her husband, William Fenker, and their family, moved into the same building Christina and John had been living in by 1870.³⁹
     Christina and John appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., KentuckyG, enumerated 20 Jun 1870, living in the same dwelling as her daughter Louisa and her husband.⁴⁰
     Christina was named executrix and an heir in the will of her husband dated 7 May 1877 in Covington, KentuckyG, in which he left her an annuity of $120 per year, to be paid by his daughter Emma by his prior marriage, out of $2,000 he left her. Christina was then to receive all the rest of his estate.⁴¹

Widowed a Second Time --- Text Stolen from ReigelRidge.com !! ---

     Her second husband died on 22 May 1877 in Covington, KentuckyG.^42,43,17
     Christina appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Covington, Kenton Co., Kentucky G, in the household of her daughter Louisa and her husband.⁴⁴
     When Louisa and her sons moved to Michigan, in the late 1890's, Christina moved there with them. She appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo Co., Michigan G, in the household of Louisa.⁴⁵ They returned to Cincinnati by 1904.^46,47
     She spent most of her time reading books, according to the recollection of her great-granddaughter Louise A. Fenker. She did not recall what they were about, but did say that they were always in German and had to be gotten from the library.⁴⁸ She lost her sight and was blind the last two years she lived. Bethesda Hospital took care of her these last years because her first husband had been a Methodist minister.^49,48
     Christina died on 21 Jul 1907 in Cincinnati, OhioG, at age 86.^14,15,16,17 She was buried on 23 Jul 1907 in Linden Grove Cemetery, Covington, KentuckyG, in William Fenker's lot.^18,19

Ledley Logan Cobb was born on 23 Aug 1907 in Trenton, Todd Co., KentuckyG.^4,5,6 She was known to family as Cobba.¹⁴
     She appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Trenton, Todd Co., Kentucky, G in the household of her parents, Dr. Robert Linah Cobb Jr. and Mary Louisa Logan.¹⁵
     Her mother died on 3 Jul 1913, when Ledley was 5 years old.^16,17
     Ledley appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of outside of Trenton, Todd Co., Kentucky, G in the household of her father, Dr. Robert Linah Cobb Jr.¹⁸
     Ledley married Louis Montgomery Ussery, son of Sterling Samuel Ussery and Mary Elizabeth Harris, about 1929 in Trenton, Todd Co., KentuckyG.^7,8,9
     Ledley and Louis appeared on the 1930 Federal Census of Clarksville, Montgomery Co., Tennessee G, in the household Sterling Samuel Ussery and Mary Elizabeth Harris, his parents.¹⁹
     Ledley and Louis appeared on the 1940 Federal Census of Montgomery Co., Tennessee G, on U.S. Highway 76, enumerated 16 Apr 1940, reporting that they owned a home valued at $6,000. Their children Robert and Virginia were listed as living with them, as was his father.²⁰
     Ledley died on 11 Jul 1953 in Clarksville, Montgomery Co., TennesseeG, at age 45.^10,11 She was buried on 12 Jul 1953 in Greenwood Cemetery, Clarksville, TennesseeG, in the Cobb family lot.^12,13